Northern Lights could be visible for parts of the UK until Saturday

Sightings were reported across the UK on Wednesday – from as far south as Cornwall, as well as in Greater Manchester, Northumberland and the Lake District.

A stunning show of the Northern lights over Northumberland on Wednesday

Skygazers across the UK have a chance to witness the Northern Lights until Saturday.

The Met Office forecast suggests the phenomenon, also known as the Aurora Borealis, could be visible to the naked eye along the northern horizon from Scotland, where skies are clear.

The Northern Lights may also illuminate the sky in Northern Ireland and northern England.

A minor enhancement to the aurora oval – which determines the range of polar lights – means the dazzling display is visible further south.

It is usually associated with Scandinavian countries in Europe, but can sometimes be seen in the UK.

People reported sightings across the nation on Wednesday – from as far south as Cornwall, as well as in Greater Manchester, Northumberland and the Lake District.

Lancaster University’s AuroraWatch, run by the Space and Planetary Physics group, issued a “red alert” on Wednesday, meaning “it is likely that aurora will be visible by eye and camera from anywhere in the UK”.

The activity is expected to start subsiding from Saturday.

How can you see the phenomenon?

Professor Don Pollacco, of the University of Warwick’s department of physics, said it would be difficult to predict exactly where the Northern Lights could be seen, because conditions change rapidly.

“However, one thing is for sure, and that is that you are unlikely to see them from a brightly lit city environment – you need to go somewhere dark and look towards the northern horizon [look for the North Star].

“So, you would preferably be in the countryside away from street lights. Of course, it also needs to clear.”

Explaining what the lights are, Professor Pollacco added: “The Northern Lights [Aurora Borealis] are caused by the interaction of particles coming from the sun, the solar wind, with the Earth’s atmosphere – channelled to the polar regions by the Earth’s magnetic field.

 

Source: https://news.sky.com/story/northern-lights-could-be-visible-for-parts-of-the-uk-until-saturday-12961470

After Moon and Sun, ISRO readies XPoSat mission to enhance understanding in Astronomy

X-ray Polarimeter satellite (XPoSat) in deployed configuration

In a groundbreaking move aimed at advancing scientific comprehension in the field of astronomy, the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) has announced its latest venture, XPoSat (X-ray Polarimeter Satellite). Following the successful launches of the Chandrayaan-3 Moon lander and Aditya-L1 missions, ISRO is now turning its focus towards unlocking the mysteries of bright astronomical X-ray sources under extreme conditions.

XPoSat marks India’s inaugural dedicated polarimetry mission, with the mission’s core objective being the study of various dynamics within bright astronomical X-ray sources. Positioned in low Earth orbit, the spacecraft will carry two essential scientific payloads designed to collect invaluable data.

The primary payload, known as POLIX (Polarimeter Instrument in X-rays), is tailored to measure the polarimetry parameters, encompassing the degree and angle of polarisation. It will specifically target the medium X-ray energy range of 8-30 keV photons of astronomical origin. Alongside POLIX, the XSPECT (X-ray Spectroscopy and Timing) payload will play a crucial role by offering spectroscopic information in the energy range of 0.8-15 keV.

ISRO emphasises that the emission mechanisms observed in various astronomical sources, including black holes, neutron stars, active galactic nuclei, and pulsar wind nebulae, stem from complex physical processes that challenge our understanding. While spectroscopic and timing data collected from space-based observatories provide significant insights, the precise nature of these emissions remains enigmatic, as acknowledged by ISRO officials.

Source: https://www.businesstoday.in/technology/news/story/after-moon-and-sun-isro-readies-xposat-mission-to-enhance-understanding-in-astronomy-396622-2023-09-02

India’s first solar observatory mission Aditya-L1 to be launched at 11.50 a.m. on September 2

Aditya-L1 mission payloads to help uderstand the problem of coronal heating, coronal mass ejection, pre-flare and flare activities, the dynamics of space weather, and the propagation of particles and fields

Aditya L1 onboard the PSLV-C57 the Satish Dhawan Space Centre in Sriharikota on September 1, 2023 on the eve of its launch. Photo: X/@ISRO via PTI

India’s first solar observatory mission, named Aditya-L1, will be launched onboard the Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) from the Satish Dhawan Space Centre in Sriharikota at 11.50 am on Saturday.

On Friday, the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) commenced the 23-hour 40-minute countdown for the launch of the Aditya-L1 mission.

Source: https://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/science/indias-first-solar-observatory-mission-aditya-l1-to-be-launched-at-1150-am-on-september-2-2023/article67258934.ece

Has a Harvard professor found the first-ever alien objects on Earth?

Avi Loeb, a theoretical physicist and professor at Harvard, has claimed that some spherules retrieved from the bottom of the Pacific Ocean in June show ‘extremely high abundances’ of a composition of heavy elements not known to man. However, some in the scientific community remain sceptical

An undated photo provided by EYOS Expeditions shows Dr Avi Loeb, left, searching the sled magnets for particleswith, from left, Charles Hoskinson, Ryan Weed and Jeff Wynn. The New York Times

A controversial Harvard professor has claimed to have found the first-ever alien objects on Earth.

Avi Loeb, a theoretical physicist and professor at Harvard, has claimed to have found particles on the bottom of the Pacific Ocean made of an alloy not seen on Earth.

“This is a historic discovery because it represents the first time that humans put their hand on materials from a large object that arrived on Earth from outside the solar system,” Loeb wrote on Tuesday on Medium.

“The success of the expedition illustrates the value of taking risks in science despite all odds as an opportunity for discovering new knowledge.”

But has Loeb, who was the longest-serving chair of astronomy at Harvard University, actually found discovered objects?

Let’s take a closer look:

What happened?

As per USA Today, a meteor burned up the Earth’s atmosphere in January 2014.

The meteor, which exploded into fragments, went down around 100 kilometers off the coast of Manus Island in Papua New Guinea.

But no one took note of it for the next few years – until Loeb and an undergraduate at Harvard drew attention to it in 2019 and published research on it.

Then, in 2022, US Space Command dropped a bombshell in a letter to NASA – the meteor was likely from another solar system.

As per Moneycontrol, Loeb and his team then determined that IM1 was tougher than all the meteors in NASA’s Center for Near Earth Object Studies (CNEOS) catalogue.

Loeb then declared that he would attempt to retrieve the fragments of the meteor from the ocean floor.

“Intrigued by this conclusion, I established a team that designed a two-week expedition to search for the meteor fragments at a depth of 1.7 kilometers on the ocean floor,” Loeb said.

Loeb and his team secured $1.5 million of funds for the expedition from entrepreneur Charles Hoskinson.

Loeb and his team in June employed EYOS Expeditions and set off in a boat named the Silver Star bound for Papa New Guinea.

The expedition team on the deck of the Silver Star in June. Image courtesy: Avi Loeb/ Medium

As per BBC, Loeb used a device he claimed to have invented called the “interstellar hook” to collect potential samples off the ocean floor.

As per The New York Times, the team dragged this ‘interstellar hook’ across the seafloor for weeks.

They found glimmering beads which were under a millimetre in diameter.

Loeb and his team claimed to have found 700 spherules at the bottom of the Pacific Ocean, as per Jerusalem Post.

Thus far, 57 of them have been analysed.

What is Loeb claiming?

Loeb is claiming that early examination shows that some of the spherules have “extremely high abundances” of a composition of heavy elements never been seen before, as per USA Today.

Researchers claim that the composition of Beryllium, Lanthanum and Uranium – which they have named “BeLaU” – does not match either terrestrial alloys found on the Earth or fallout from nuclear explosions.

Rare blue supermoon dazzles stargazers around the globe

A rare blue supermoon — the closest full moon of the year — dazzled stargazers Wednesday night.

Saturn joined the celestial spectacle, visible alongside the moon, at least where skies were clear.

It was the second full moon of August, thus the blue label. And it was unusually close to Earth, therefore a supermoon.

The moon appeared to be bigger and brighter than usual, given its close proximity to Earth: just 222,043 miles (357,344 kilometers) or so. The Aug. 1 supermoon was more than 100 miles (160 kilometers) farther away.

If you missed it, it will be a long wait: The next blue supermoon isn’t until 2037. But another regular supermoon is on the horizon at the end of September, the last one of the year.

The supermoon rises near the equestrian statue of Damdin Sukhbaatar on Sukhbaatar Square in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, on Wednesday, Aug. 30, 2023. (AP Photo/Ng Han Guan)
The August Super Blue Moon sets behind a historical building and the St. Basil’s Cathedral, right, as people walk in Red Square in Moscow, Russia, Wednesday, Aug. 30, 2023. (AP Photo/Alexander Zemlianichenko)
The supermoon rises behind the ancient temple of Poseidon at Cape Sounion, about 70 kilometers (45 miles) south of Athens, Greece, Wednesday, Aug. 30, 2023. (AP Photo/Thanassis Stavrakis)
The supermoon rises in the sky of Gaza City, Wednesday, Aug. 30, 2023. (AP Photo/Adel Hana)

Source: https://apnews.com/article/blue-supermoon-stargazing-saturn-8f4a60aa11995101c53572b7e6b8a40d

NASA’s James Webb Space telescope captures image of most distant star, ‘Earendel’ that is hotter than the Sun

NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope captures image of most distant star, Earendel.

NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope has captured an image of the most distant star known as ‘Earendel’. Utilising the gravitational lensing technique, this breakthrough offers profound insights into the early universe and its initial stars, reported HT Tech.

In parallel to the legacy of the renowned Hubble Space Telescope, the James Webb Space Telescope from NASA has focused its gaze on the farthest star ever identified. While the Hubble initially glimpsed this star, the James Webb Telescope, armed with its specialised camera known as NIRCam, has now zoomed in on it, unveiling Earendel as a super-hot and super-bright B-type star, surpassing the heat of the Sun.

Earendel, situated in the Sunrise Arc galaxy, resides at such an immense distance that its visibility is made possible through the interplay of natural phenomena and advanced technology, a phenomenon called gravitational lensing. The massive galaxy cluster known as WHL0137-08 distorts space, rendering distant objects seemingly larger.

While much of the galaxy appears like copies due to this distortion, Earendel emerges as a singular point of light. Scientists have deduced that Earendel is incredibly minuscule, approximately 4,000 times tinier than our usual observable threshold. This designation positions it as the most remote star ever detected, having emerged just a billion years following the Big Bang.

Source: https://www.livemint.com/science/news/nasas-james-webb-space-telescope-captures-image-of-most-distant-star-earendel-that-is-hotter-than-the-sun-11691811274770.html

Most detailed images of Mars’ moon Deimos unveiled

Researchers from the UAE Space Agency say the images help challenge the long-standing theory that Mars’ moons are asteroids captured by the planet’s gravity.

An image showing Deimos orbiting Mars

The most detailed images of Mars’ moon Deimos have been unveiled after a probe flew just 100km (62 miles) from its surface.

The “unprecedented” high-resolution pictures, captured by the UAE Space Agency during a series of flybys, include a glimpse of areas on the far side of the moon which have never been observed in such detail before.

The moon – which NASA describes as “small and lumpy” – takes 30 hours to orbit Mars and is just nine miles long (15km).

The flyby images are part of the UAE’s wider Emirates Mars Mission (EMM) to study the Red Planet.

It is among a string of countries to plan or launch research missions to Mars in recent years, including China, the US and a coalition of European nations.

Mars has two moons, including the larger Phobos, but scientists’ knowledge of them is limited.

Researchers hope the images, along with other data collected by the probe – including ultraviolet observation of the rocky outcrop and estimates of its surface’s temperature – will help further understanding of the moons, and Mars more broadly.

Hessa Al Matroushi, EMM’s science lead, said the findings challenged the long-standing theory that Phobos and Deimos were originally asteroids captured by Mars’ gravitational forces, and that their characteristics suggested they may instead have had planetary origins.

She said: “How exactly they came to be in their current orbits is also an active area of study, and so any new information we can gain on the two moons, especially the more rarely observed Deimos, has the potential to unlock new understanding of Mars’ satellites.

 

Source: https://news.sky.com/story/most-detailed-images-of-mars-moon-deimos-unveiled-12865045

110-foot Asteroid 2023 FT1 hurtling towards Earth, says NASA; travelling at blistering speed

Asteroid 2023 FT1 belongs to the Apollo group of asteroids. (Pixabay)

A huge asteroid is headed towards Earth and could make its closest approach to the planet soon. Although asteroids pass closely to Earth on a daily basis, none of them come close enough to impact the surface. However, their close approaches serve as a reminder of the potential danger that asteroids can pose to our planet. That is why agencies like NASA, ESA and others continue to keep an eye on these Near-Earth Objects which have the potential to cause major destruction on Earth if they ever impacted.

 

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Asteroid 2023 FT1 details

The asteroid has been named Asteroid 2023 FT1 by NASA’s Center for Near-Earth Object Studies. The same organization has also revealed its trajectory, distance of close approach and expected speed. Asteroid 2023 FT1 will pass Earth today, April 10, at a distance of 7.4 million kilometers. The asteroid is almost as big as an aircraft, with a width of 110 feet.

NASA has also revealed that this space rock is already rushing towards the planet, travelling at a fearsome speed of 23790 kilometers per hour.

It belongs to the Apollo group of asteroids, which are a group of Near-Earth asteroids named after the humongous 1862 Apollo asteroid, discovered by German astronomer Karl Reinmuth in the 1930s.

Protection against asteroids

To counter these asteroids which head for Earth for potential impact, NASA has already carried out the testing of its DART Mission for planetary protection. The space agency crashed a spacecraft into an oncoming asteroid to successfully divert it from its path.

Source: https://tech.hindustantimes.com/tech/news/110foot-asteroid-2023-ft1-hurtling-towards-earth-says-nasa-travelling-at-blistering-speed-71681089160230.html

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