Linda Sun and her husband Chris Hu were arrested on Tuesday morning at their multimillion-dollar home on Long Island.
A former aide to two New York governors has been charged with spying on behalf of the Chinese government.
Linda Sun held numerous posts within the New York state government, including deputy chief of staff for governor Kathy Hochul, and deputy diversity officer for former governor Andrew Cuomo.
She was arrested on Tuesday morning, along with her husband Chris Hu, at their $4m (£3m) home on Long Island.